Male infertility accounts for approximately half of all infertility cases among couples. Initial evaluation includes detailed medical history, physical examination, and semen analysis following standards established by the World Health Organization.
Further investigations may involve hormonal profiling, genetic testing (including karyotype and Y chromosome microdeletion analysis), and imaging studies.
Treatment depends on etiology. Hormonal therapy may benefit selected cases of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, while assisted reproductive techniques such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are used for severe sperm abnormalities.
A multidisciplinary approach enhances diagnostic precision erotic and therapeutic success.
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