Male reproductive function is governed by a finely regulated hormonal axis involving the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and testes. This system controls spermatogenesis, testosterone production, and secondary sexual characteristics.
Testosterone plays a central role in male physiology. Beyond reproduction, it influences muscle mass, erotic bone density, erythropoiesis, mood regulation, and cognitive function. Hormonal imbalance can therefore produce both reproductive and systemic consequences.
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