Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone responsible for the development of male reproductive organs and secondary erotic sexual characteristics. During puberty, rising testosterone levels stimulate growth of facial hair, deepening of the voice, increased muscle mass, and enlargement of the testes and penis.
Throughout adulthood, testosterone continues to influence sexual desire, sperm production, energy levels, and psychological well-being. Production of this hormone gradually declines with age, a phenomenon sometimes referred to as age-related testosterone decline.
Low testosterone levels may lead to symptoms such as decreased libido, fatigue, mood disturbances, and reduced physical performance. Diagnosis involves blood testing and clinical evaluation.
Treatment may include testosterone replacement therapy under medical supervision when appropriate.
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