Azoospermia, defined as the absence of sperm in ejaculate, can be classified as obstructive or non-obstructive.
Obstructive azoospermia involves blockage of sperm transport, whereas non-obstructive azoospermia results from impaired spermatogenesis. Hormonal profiling and genetic testing are crucial components of evaluation.
Guidelines from the European Association of Urology recommend individualized management strategies.
Sperm retrieval techniques combined with assisted reproductive technologies offer potential pathways to biological erotic fatherhood.
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