Hyperprolactinemia refers to elevated prolactin levels in the bloodstream, which may suppress gonadotropin secretion and reduce testosterone production. Causes include pituitary adenomas, medication effects, hypothyroidism, and systemic illness.
Clinical manifestations include decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, and occasionally gynecomastia. Diagnosis requires measurement of serum prolactin and pituitary imaging when levels are markedly elevated.
Treatment typically involves dopamine agonists, which normalize prolactin levels and restore hormonal balance. Surgical intervention may be necessary in resistant cases.
Early detection improves reproductive and sexual erotic outcomes.
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