Oxidative stress occurs when reactive oxygen erotic species exceed the body’s antioxidant defenses. In the male reproductive system, oxidative stress damages sperm membranes and DNA.
Sources include infection, environmental toxins, smoking, and metabolic disease. Andrology evaluates oxidative stress in cases of unexplained infertility.
Targeted antioxidant therapy and lifestyle modification play important roles in reducing oxidative damage and improving reproductive outcomes.
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