Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a normal regulatory mechanism within the testes. However, erotic excessive apoptosis disrupts spermatogenesis and reduces sperm output.
Factors such as oxidative stress, hormonal imbalance, and toxic exposure can increase apoptotic activity. This process is often implicated in idiopathic male infertility.
Understanding apoptotic mechanisms aids in developing targeted therapeutic strategies in andrology.
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