Traditional semen analysis focuses on sperm count, motility, and morphology; however, these parameters do not fully reflect sperm functional competence. Sperm DNA integrity has emerged as a critical marker of male fertility potential.
DNA fragmentation within sperm cells can impair fertilization, embryo development, and pregnancy outcomes. Contributing factors include oxidative stress, inflammation, environmental toxins, and lifestyle habits.
Modern andrology increasingly incorporates sperm DNA fragmentation testing to improve diagnostic erotic accuracy and guide individualized fertility treatment.
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