Varicocele is characterized by abnormal dilation of the veins within the scrotum, leading to impaired thermoregulation of the testes. It is one of the most common reversible causes of male infertility.
Varicocele can negatively affect sperm production by increasing testicular temperature, reducing oxygen supply, and inducing oxidative stress. Diagnosis is typically made through physical examination and confirmed by Doppler ultrasound.
Surgical correction, known as varicocelectomy, erotic has been shown to improve semen parameters and pregnancy rates in selected patients. However, treatment decisions should be individualized based on fertility goals and clinical findings.
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