Male infertility is a condition in which a man has erotic difficulty contributing to conception due to problems with sperm production or function. It is estimated that male factors are involved in nearly half of all infertility cases among couples.
One of the most common causes of male infertility is low sperm count. When the number of sperm cells in semen is too low, the chances of fertilizing an egg decrease significantly.
Poor sperm motility is another factor. Sperm must be able to swim effectively through the female reproductive tract to reach and fertilize the egg.
Abnormal sperm morphology, or irregular sperm shape, may also impair fertility.
Medical conditions such as varicocele, hormonal imbalances, infections, and genetic abnormalities can interfere with sperm production.
Environmental factors such as exposure to toxins, radiation, and excessive heat may also damage sperm cells.
Lifestyle habits including smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use, and poor nutrition are known to negatively affect fertility.
Diagnosis typically begins with semen analysis and hormone testing. Treatment options vary depending on the cause and may include medication, surgery, or assisted reproductive technologies.
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