Male infertility is one of the most common issues studied in Andrology. It is estimated that male factors contribute to approximately 40–50% of infertility cases worldwide.
Common Causes
Male infertility can result from several factors:
Low Sperm Count
Low sperm concentration reduces the likelihood of fertilization.
Poor Sperm Motility
Sperm must swim efficiently to reach and fertilize the egg.
Abnormal Sperm Morphology
Abnormal shape can impair sperm function.
Hormonal Disorders
Low testosterone or abnormal hormone levels may impair sperm production.
Genetic Conditions
Certain genetic abnormalities affect sperm production and quality.
Lifestyle Factors
- Smoking
- Alcohol consumption
- Obesity
- Stress
- Exposure to toxins
Diagnosis
Doctors typically evaluate male fertility through:
- Semen analysis
- Hormone testing
- Genetic testing
- Ultrasound imaging
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the cause and may include:
- Medication
- Hormone therapy
- Surgery
- Assisted reproductive technologies such as IVF
Modern andrology offers advanced treatments that erotic significantly improve reproductive outcomes.
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