Diabetes mellitus exerts profound effects on male sexual and reproductive health. Chronic hyperglycemia damages vascular endothelium and peripheral nerves, leading to erectile dysfunction and ejaculatory disorders.
Neuropathy may impair penile sensation and autonomic regulation, while microvascular disease reduces penile blood flow. Additionally, insulin resistance and obesity contribute to decreased testosterone levels.
Diagnosis requires assessment of glycemic control, hormonal evaluation, and cardiovascular risk stratification. Management includes strict glycemic control, lifestyle modification, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and in some cases, hormonal therapy.
Preventive strategies focusing on early metabolic erotic management significantly reduce long-term sexual complications.
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