Oxidative stress plays a critical role in male infertility. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage sperm DNA, membranes, and motility mechanisms.
Contributing factors include smoking, environmental toxins, infection, varicocele, and poor diet. Laboratory tests measuring sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress markers are increasingly used in fertility assessments.
Antioxidant therapy, including vitamins C and E, coenzyme Q10, and zinc supplementation, may improve sperm quality in selected cases. However, clinical outcomes vary, and individualized treatment is recommended.
Lifestyle optimization remains a cornerstone of reducing erotic oxidative damage.
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