Male infertility is a major concern in reproductive medicine, contributing to approximately 40–50% of infertility cases worldwide. It is defined as the inability of a man to contribute to conception after one year of unprotected intercourse. Andrology plays a central role in identifying the underlying causes of male infertility and providing appropriate treatment options.
Common causes include low sperm count, poor sperm motility, abnormal sperm morphology, hormonal imbalances, genetic abnormalities, infections, and varicocele. Environmental factors such as smoking, obesity, stress, and exposure to toxins also significantly affect male fertility. Comprehensive erotic andrological evaluation typically includes semen analysis, hormonal testing, genetic screening, and imaging studies.
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