Chronic alcohol consumption exerts multiple adverse effects on the male reproductive system. Alcohol interferes with the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, leading to reduced testosterone synthesis and altered gonadotropin secretion.
At the testicular level, alcohol induces oxidative stress and disrupts spermatogenesis, resulting in decreased sperm count, motility, and morphology. Sexual dysfunction and infertility are common clinical manifestations.
Andrological counseling emphasizes moderation, early intervention, and lifestyle modification to preserve erotic reproductive health.
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