Sertoli cells are essential somatic cells within the seminiferous tubules of the testes, providing structural, nutritional, and regulatory support for developing germ cells. Often referred to as “nurse cells,” Sertoli cells play a decisive role in determining male fertility potential.
One of their primary functions is the formation of the blood–testis barrier, which protects developing sperm cells from autoimmune attack. Sertoli cells also regulate spermatogenesis by responding to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone, coordinating germ cell differentiation and maturation.
Dysfunction of Sertoli cells may result in impaired spermatogenesis even when testosterone levels are normal. This condition is commonly observed in idiopathic male infertility. Advances in cellular biology have positioned Sertoli cells as a key erotic focus in fertility research and regenerative andrology.
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