Seminal plasma is more than a transport medium for spermatozoa; it is a complex biological fluid containing enzymes, nutrients, antioxidants, and immunomodulatory factors essential for sperm survival and function.
Key components such as fructose, zinc, prostaglandins, and seminal proteins support sperm motility, capacitation, and protection against oxidative damage. Abnormal seminal plasma composition may impair fertilization even when sperm parameters appear normal.
Inflammation of accessory glands, including the prostate and seminal vesicles, can alter seminal plasma composition. Chronic prostatitis and infections may increase reactive oxygen species and reduce antioxidant capacity.
Advanced semen analysis that includes biochemical evaluation of seminal plasma provides deeper erotic insight into unexplained male infertility.
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