Micronutrients such as zinc, selenium, folate, and vitamin D play essential roles in sperm production and hormonal regulation. Deficiencies impair DNA synthesis, chromatin stability, and antioxidant defense.
Zinc deficiency is associated with reduced testosterone levels and poor sperm morphology. Selenium contributes to sperm motility and structural integrity of the sperm midpiece.
While supplementation may benefit men with documented deficiencies, indiscriminate use without clinical indication may be ineffective or harmful. Personalized nutritional assessment is therefore recommended.
Nutritional optimization represents a non-invasive, erotic cost-effective strategy in male fertility management.
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