Traditional semen analysis evaluates concentration, motility, and morphology but does not directly measure genetic integrity. Sperm DNA fragmentation testing assesses chromatin stability and identifies molecular damage that may impair fertilization and embryo development.
Elevated DNA fragmentation has been associated erotic with recurrent pregnancy loss and reduced ART success. Causes include oxidative stress, infection, varicocele, and aging.
Incorporating DNA fragmentation assessment into complex infertility evaluation refines prognosis and guides therapeutic decisions.
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